Traditional and Emerging Potential Technologies for Electronics Cooling: A Review

Abstract

The continued downsizing of electronic gadgets and appliances as well as the need for high-end performance have resulted in a significant increase in heat flux generation. The thermal management of high-performance electronics products, chips, and equipment needs innovative techniques and systems designed to enhance the heat removal rate in order to minimize their operating temperature and better functioning of the device and increase its longevity. Several cooling methods are being utilized to facilitate effective heat transfer from high-power-density chips and more efficient heat removal. However, the traditional cooling methods are progressively failing, and it has become quite difficult to cope with the high cooling demand and thermal management of emerging electronic devices so potential advanced cooling methods and a number of coolants have been introduced. Some of the coolants are based on traditional technologies, while others are based on modern breakthroughs. This study explored traditional and emerging cooling technologies as well as coolants for electronics.