An Analysis of the Green Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles using Plant Leaf Extracts

Abstract

Activating research in the field of nanotechnology exists the intense focus on copper nanoparticles or CuNPs because of their numerous applications throughout medicine and catalysis and electronics and environmental clean-up operations. Plant leaf extract-based green synthesis has become an environmentally responsible and cost-efficient method for producing nanoparticles which replaces traditional chemical and physical synthesis techniques. This assessment explores plant leaf extract-based CuNPs synthesis which uses phytochemicals to act as both reduction agents and stability enhancers. The review discusses plant species, extract compositions, reaction conditions while describing how these affect nanoparticle characteristics including size, shape and stability. Biosynthesis mechanisms of CuNPs are determined while analyzing how phenolic compounds and flavonoids together with biomolecules affect nanoparticle formation. The paper examines both the economic and technical limitations of plant-based nanoparticle synthesis methods and evaluates them from a critical standpoint. The evaluation includes modern achievements in green CuNP synthesis and their probable uses in industry. Future research efforts will aim to improve synthesis methods and maximize production outputs and create multifunctional advanced CuNPs with enhanced capabilities. The research presents in-depth findings about plant-generated CuNP methods that promote the development of environmentally friendly nanotechnology applications.