Blockchain: A Solution for Improved Traceability with Reduced Counterfeits in Supply Chain of Drugs
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Abstract
The Pharmaceutical supply chain needs huge attention while developing technology-based solutions as there is a great need of surveillance in the production and distribution of fake, substandard, counterfeit and grey market medicines, which account for hundreds of billions per year across the globe. Counterfeit drugs have captured the global markets over the period and affecting and risking many lives in a large [1]; solutions to address these have become inevitable. Studies revealed a lot of pharmaceutical products, medicinal devices and doctors have been subjected to counterfeiting the drug supply chain which is prone to lots of pharmaceutical crime. The pharmaceutical market's growth and a rise in world-wide sale of drugs leading to invention of many forms of technology and digital-based platforms trying to come up with solutions for the supply chain. Besides pharmaceutical frauds, increasing security and addressing vulnerabilities of the medical supplies is an area of concern. This leads to the formation of many technology solutions to make supply chains secure, trustable and remove counterfeit drugs from it by applying various methods and approaches. Our System proposes to leverage blockchain technology to make the supply chain of drugs transparent to increase trust among actors and provide security, authenticity and traceability with the help of IoT.
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How to Cite
Jethani, Y., Mahtani, P., Rohra, C., Lund, P., & Saindane, P. (2019). Blockchain: A Solution for Improved Traceability with Reduced Counterfeits in Supply Chain of Drugs. SAMRIDDHI : A Journal of Physical Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 11(SUP), 444-449. https://doi.org/.
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Research Article
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
References
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[15] Satish Kumar Nalluri, Venkata Krishna Bharadwaj Parasaram, Varun Teja Bathini. (2020). Secure Automation Frameworks for Smart Manufacturing Using Blockchain-Assisted Traceability. International Journal of Research & Technology, 8(2), 47–53. Retrieved from https://ijrt.org/j/article/view/879
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[2] Michael, J.; Cohn, A.; Butcher, J.R. Blockchain Technology. 2018 (accessed on 22 March 2019).. Available online: https://www.steptoe.com/images/content/1/7/v3/171269/ LIT-FebMar18-Feature-Blockchain.pdf.
[3] World Health Organisation(2017). WHO Global Surveillance and Monitoring System for Substandard and Falsified Medical Products; World Health Organisation: Geneva, Switzerland.
[4] Perboli, G., Musso, S., & Rosano, M. (2018). Blockchain in Logistics and Supply Chain: A lean approach for designing real-world use cases. IEEE Access, 6, 62018–62028.
[5] Mettler M . Blockchain technology in healthcare: The revolution starts here. 2016 IEEE 18th International Conference on e-Health Networking, Applications and Services (Healthcom). Munich, Germany: IEEE; 2016:1–3.
[6] Magnus Lyster Jochumsen, Atanu Chaudhuri' Blockchain's impact on supply chain of a pharmaceutical company', EUROMA Conference 2018, Budapest, Hungary, June 2018. Liu, Z., Zeng, Q., Wang, C., & Lu, Q. (2011).
[7] A. Jabbari and P. Kaminsky, "Blockchain and supply chain management," Jan. 2018. , Department of Industrial Engineering and Operations Research University of California, Berkeley. http://www.mhi.org/downloads/ learning/ cicmhe/ blockchain- and- supply- chain- management.pdf ( retrieved on 23rd March 2019).
[8] Deloitte- Continuous interconnected supply chain Using Blockchain & Internet-of-Things in supply chain traceability. Available at : https://www2.deloitte.com/content/dam/ Deloitte/lu/Documents/technology/lu-blockchain-internet- things-supply-chain-traceability.pdf
[9] Bocek, T., Rodrigues, B. B., Strasser, T., & Stiller, B. (2017). Blockchains everywhere - a use-case of blockchains in the pharma supply-chain. 2017 IFIP/IEEE Symposium on Integrated Network and Service Management (IM). doi:10.23919/inm.2017.7987376 .
[10] Toyoda, K., Mathiopoulos, P. T., Sasase, I., & Ohtsuki, T. (2017). A Novel Blockchain-Based Product Ownership Management System (POMS) for Anti-Counterfeits in the Post Supply Chain. IEEE Access, 5, 17465–17477. doi:10.1109/access.2017. 2720760 .
[11] Narayanaswami, C.; Nooyi, R.; Raghavan, S.G.; Viswanathan, R.(2019) Blockchain Anchored Supply Chain Automation. IBM J. Res. Dev. 2019.
[12] Haq, I., & Muselemu, O. (2018). Blockchain Technology in Pharmaceutical Industry to Prevent Counterfeit Drugs. International Journal of Computer Applications, 180(25), 8–12. doi:10.5120/ijca2018916579.
[13] Khezr, S.; Moniruzzaman, M.; Yassine, A.; Benlamri,
R. Blockchain Technology in Healthcare(2019): A
Comprehensive Review and Directions for Future Research.
Appl. Sci. 9, 1736.
[14] Dujak, D.; Sajter, D. Blockchain Applications in Supply Chain. In SMART Supply Network; Springer: Cham,Switzerland, 2019; pp. 21–46.
[15] Satish Kumar Nalluri, Venkata Krishna Bharadwaj Parasaram, Varun Teja Bathini. (2020). Secure Automation Frameworks for Smart Manufacturing Using Blockchain-Assisted Traceability. International Journal of Research & Technology, 8(2), 47–53. Retrieved from https://ijrt.org/j/article/view/879
[16] Application Research of QRCode Barcode in Validation of Express Delivery. Communications in Computer and Information Science, 346–351. doi:10.1007/978-3-642- 20367-1_56
[17] Gaggioli(2018), A. Blockchain Technology: Living in a Decentralized Everything. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 21, 65–66.
[18] Macrinici, D.; Cartofeanu, C.; Gao, S. Smart contract applications within blockchain technology: A systematic mapping study. Telemat. Inform. 2018, 35, 2337–2354.
[19] Smart Contracts. Available online: https://blockchainhub.
net/smart-contracts/ (accessed on 12 March 2019).
[20] Prashant P. Pittalia,(June- 2019) "A Comparative Study of Hash Algorithms in Cryptography", International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.8 Issue 6